Japan’s workforce is known for its hard-working ethos. OECD data calculated that the average worker in Japan in 2009 clocked up 1714 hours, but unofficially members of the nation’s full-time workforce put in many more hours than that. Employees routinely work many hours of sābisu zangyo, サービス残業, – or unpaid ‘service’ overtime, workplace culture sees staff idling away evening hours at their desks because the boss hasn’t left the office yet, annual leave days remain unused and karōshi, 過労死, – death from overwork, and suicide are unnaturally common among the working and salaried classes. In Tokyo, the pace is hectic most days of the week, with well-dressed workers running to train platforms, salarymen and women spilling out of station exits and into tower buildings, businesspeople rushing around the city’s streets and working on documents and files in cafes and restaurants.

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